Beneficiation may involve screening, washing, hydrocyclones, flotation, calcination, magnets 對or any combination of these. Grinding of coarser materials may also be involved. The process can vary widely depending on the\ഠcharacteristics of the ore.Life cycle assessment of gold-silver-lead-zinc-copper beneficiation is carried out. LCA is conducted through SimaPro software using ILCD, IMPACT 2002+, and CED method. Gold-silver beneficiation are higher impact as compared to lead-zinc. Notable impact categories are ionising radiation, acidification, eutrophication, and human health.